Permanent Link:

https://digital.lib.usf.edu/SFS0069946/00001

Material Information

Title:

A high-coverage Neandertal genome from Chagyrskaya Cave

Series Title:

PNAS

Creator:

Mafessoni, Fabrizio
Grote, Steffi
de Filippo, Cesare
Slon, Viviane
Kolobova, Kseniya A.
Viola, Bence
Markin, Sergey V.
Chintalapati, Manjusha
Peyrégne, Stephane
Skov, Laurits
Skoglund, Pontus
Krivoshapkin, Andrey I.
Derevianko, Anatoly P.
Meyer, Matthias
Kelso, Janet
Peter, Benjamin
Prüfer, Kay
Pääbo, Svante

Publication Date:

2020-06-16

Language:

English

Subjects

Subjects / Keywords:

Genetics ( local )
Neandertals ( local )
Human Evolution ( local )
Genome ( local )

Genre:

serial ( sobekcm )

Notes

Abstract:

We sequenced the genome of a Neandertal from Chagyrskaya Cave in the Altai Mountains, Russia, to 27-fold genomic coverage. We show that this Neandertal was a female and that she was more related to Neandertals in western Eurasia [Prüfer et al., Science 358, 655–658 (2017); Hajdinjak et al., Nature 555, 652–656 (2018)] than to Neandertals who lived earlier in Denisova Cave [Prüfer et al., Nature 505, 43–49 (2014)], which is located about 100 km away. About 12.9% of the Chagyrskaya genome is spanned by homozygous regions that are between 2.5 and 10 centiMorgans (cM) long. This is consistent with the fact that Siberian Neandertals lived in relatively isolated populations of less than 60 individuals. In contrast, a Neandertal from Europe, a Denisovan from the Altai Mountains, and ancient modern humans seem to have lived in populations of larger sizes. The availability of three Neandertal genomes of high quality allows a view of genetic features that were unique to Neandertals and that are likely to have been at high frequency among them. We find that genes highly expressed in the striatum in the basal ganglia of the brain carry more amino-acid-changing substitutions than genes expressed elsewhere in the brain, suggesting that the striatum may have evolved unique functions in Neandertals.

Record Information

Source Institution:

University of South Florida Library

Holding Location:

University of South Florida

Rights Management:

This object is protected by copyright, and is made available here for research and educational purposes. Permission to reuse, publish, or reproduce the object beyond the bounds of Fair Use or other exemptions to copyright law must be obtained from the copyright holder.

USFLDC Membership

Aggregations:

University of South Florida
Karst Information Portal

Postcard Information

Format:

serial